UROLITHIASIS (KIDNEY STONES) CURRENT PHARMACOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

Kidney stones are a common condition causing significant morbidity and economic burden. The prevalence of Urolithiasis (Kidney stones) is increasing from past 20 years, worldwide 5-15% of the population affected by Urolithiasis. The most common type of kidney stone is calcium oxalate formed in the renal surfaces. The mechanism of stone formation is a complex process which results from several physicochemical events including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention of urinary stone constituents within tubular cells. Obese people are known to have a higher risk of stone formation. Metabolic syndrome has resulted in an increasing rate of nephrolithiasis among women. The diagnosis and initial management of urolithiasis have undergone considerable evolution in recent years. This review article provides information about epidemiology, mechanism, diagnosis, and pathophysiology of kidney stone formation, and methods for the evaluation of stone risks for new and follow-up patients

PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA HUMIFUSA

Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds which are used to curing of various diseases. The aim of the study to Pharmacognostic, Preliminary phytochemical screening of different solvent extracts of Euphorbia humifusa were carried out. The traditional medicine involves the use of different plant extracts or the bioactive constituents, qualitative phytochemical analysis of these plants confirm the presence of various phytochemical like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, Protein, Amino acid, Carbohydrate, phytosterols. The result suggest that the phytochemical properties for curing various ailments and possess potential antioxidant and reads to the isolation of new and novel compounds